相应部35相应92经到94经,第一双法经,第二双法经,未调御未守护经
92 第一双法经
第九经
"比丘们,我将为你们说示'双法'(一对一对的法)。请你们谛听。比丘们,什么是双法呢?眼与色,耳与声,鼻与香,舌与味,身与触,意与法——比丘们,这被称为双法。"
"比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我要否定这个双法,另外施设一种双法',那么他只不过是空有言辞罢了。若被追问,他将无法回答,而且会陷入更深的困窘。这是什么原因呢?比丘们,因为那超出了他的领域范围。"
第九经终。
93 第二双法经
第十经
"比丘们,缘于双法(一对法),识得以生起。比丘们,识如何缘于双法而生起呢?"
"缘于眼与色,眼识生起。眼是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。色是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。如此,这一对法是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。眼识是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是眼识生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的眼识,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,这三法的聚集、会合、和合,这被称为眼触。眼触也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是眼触生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的眼触,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,被触所触而感受,被触所触而思虑,被触所触而认知。如此,这些法也是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。"
"耳……(中略)……"
"缘于舌与味,舌识生起。舌是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。味是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。如此,这一对法是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。舌识是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是舌识生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的舌识,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,这三法的聚集、会合、和合,这被称为舌触。舌触也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是舌触生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的舌触,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,被触所触而感受,被触所触而思虑,被触所触而认知。如此,这些法也是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。"
"身……(中略)……"
"缘于意与法,意识生起。意是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。法是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。如此,这一对法是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。意识是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是意识生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的意识,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,这三法的聚集、会合、和合,这被称为意触。意触也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。凡是意触生起的因与缘,那个因、那个缘也是无常的、变异的、变成异状的。比丘们,缘于无常之缘而生起的意触,怎么会是常的呢!比丘们,被触所触而感受,被触所触而思虑,被触所触而认知。如此,这些法也是动摇的、不安的、无常的、变异的、变成异状的。"
"比丘们,识就是这样缘于双法而生起的。"
第十经终。
阐陀品第九终。
其摄颂:
崩坏、空、略说,阐陀与富楼那以及婆醯迦;
动摇二经已说,双法后二经。
10. 六处品
94 未调御未守护经
第一经
因缘在舍卫城。
"比丘们,这六个触处,若未调御、未守护、未保护、未防护,就会带来苦。哪六个呢?比丘们,眼这个触处,若未调御、未守护、未保护、未防护,就会带来苦。……(中略)……比丘们,舌这个触处,若未调御、未守护、未保护、未防护,就会带来苦。……(中略)……比丘们,意这个触处,若未调御、未守护、未保护、未防护,就会带来苦。比丘们,这六个触处,若未调御、未守护、未保护、未防护,就会带来苦。"
"比丘们,这六个触处,若善调御、善守护、善保护、善防护,就会带来乐。哪六个呢?比丘们,眼这个触处,若善调御、善守护、善保护、善防护,就会带来乐。……(中略)……比丘们,舌这个触处,若善调御、善守护、善保护、善防护,就会带来乐。……(中略)……比丘们,意这个触处,若善调御、善守护、善保护、善防护,就会带来乐。比丘们,这六个触处,若善调御、善守护、善保护、善防护,就会带来乐。"
世尊说了这些之后,……(中略)……导师又说了以下的偈颂:
"比丘们啊,这六个触处,
不防护者于此陷入苦。
而那些懂得防护它们的人,
以信为伴侣而住,烦恼不漏入。"
"见到悦意的色之后,
又见到不悦意的色之后,
对悦意之色应去除贪欲之道,
也不要以'不可爱'而让心生嗔恚。"
"听到可爱与不可爱两种声之后,
对可爱的声不应激动兴奋,
对不可爱的声应去除嗔恚,
也不要以'不可爱'而让心生嗔恚。"
"嗅到芬芳悦意的香之后,
又嗅到不净令人厌恶的香之后,
对令人厌恶之物应去除排斥,
也不应被欲望牵引而执著可爱之物。"
"品尝了不曾尝过的美味之后,
又有时品尝了不美味的东西之后,
对美味不应贪婪地吞食,
对不美味的也不应表露出厌恶。"
"被乐触所触时不应放逸陶醉,
被苦触所触时也不应颤抖惊惶。
对触的两面——苦与乐——应保持舍心,
对任何事物既不随顺也不违逆。"
"世间凡夫种种戏论想,
沉溺于戏论的有想者趋向执取。
去除一切依于在家的意之造作,
应依于出离而行。"
"当心对六处如此善修习时,
被触所触时心不在任何处动摇。
比丘们啊,那些克服了贪与嗔的人,
到达了有(存在)、生、老死的彼岸。"
第一经终。
巴利语原版经文
SN.35.92/(9). Paṭhamadvayasuttaṃ
92. “Dvayaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha. Kiñca, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ? Cakkhuñceva rūpā ca, sotañceva saddā ca, ghānañceva gandhā ca, jivhā ceva rasā ca, kāyo ceva phoṭṭhabbā ca mano ceva dhammā ca– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ.
“Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya– ‘ahametaṃ dvayaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dvayaṃ paññapessāmī’ti, tassa vācāvatthukamevassa. Puṭṭho ca na sampāyeyya. Uttariñca vighātaṃ āpajjeyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yathā taṃ, bhikkhave, avisayasmin”ti. Navamaṃ.
SN.35.93/(10). Dutiyadvayasuttaṃ
93. “Dvayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca viññāṇaṃ sambhoti. Kathañca, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ paṭicca viññāṇaṃ sambhoti? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Cakkhu aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Rūpā aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Itthetaṃ dvayaṃ calañceva byathañca aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo cakkhuviññāṇassa uppādāya, sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ kuto niccaṃ bhavissati! Yā kho, bhikkhave, imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅgati sannipāto samavāyo, ayaṃ vuccati cakkhusamphasso. Cakkhusamphassopi anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo cakkhusamphassassa uppādāya, sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppanno cakkhusamphasso kuto nicco bhavissati! Phuṭṭho bhikkhave, vedeti, phuṭṭho ceteti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti. Itthetepi dhammā calā ceva byathā ca aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Sotaṃ …pe….
“Jivhañca paṭicca rase ca uppajjati jivhāviññāṇaṃ. Jivhā aniccā vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Rasā aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Itthetaṃ dvayaṃ calañceva byathañca aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Jivhāviññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo jivhāviññāṇassa uppādāya sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kuto niccaṃ bhavissati! Yā kho, bhikkhave, imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅgati sannipāto samavāyo, ayaṃ vuccati jivhāsamphasso. Jivhāsamphassopi anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo jivhāsamphassassa uppādāya, sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppanno jivhāsamphasso, kuto nicco bhavissati! Phuṭṭho, bhikkhave, vedeti, phuṭṭho ceteti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti. Itthetepi dhammā calā ceva byathā ca aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Kāyaṃ …pe….
“Manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Mano anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Dhammā aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Itthetaṃ dvayaṃ calañceva byathañca aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Manoviññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ vipariṇāmi aññathābhāvi. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo manoviññāṇassa uppādāya, sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ, kuto niccaṃ bhavissati! Yā kho, bhikkhave, imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅgati sannipāto samavāyo, ayaṃ vuccati manosamphasso. Manosamphassopi anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo manosamphassassa uppādāya, sopi hetu sopi paccayo anicco vipariṇāmī aññathābhāvī. Aniccaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, paccayaṃ paṭicca uppanno manosamphasso, kuto nicco bhavissati! Phuṭṭho, bhikkhave, vedeti, phuṭṭho ceteti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti. Itthetepi dhammā calā ceva byathā ca aniccā vipariṇāmino aññathābhāvino. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dvayaṃ paṭicca viññāṇaṃ sambhotī”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Channavaggo navamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Palokasuññā saṃkhittaṃ, channo puṇṇo ca bāhiyo;
Ejena ca duve vuttā, dvayehi apare duveti.
10. Saḷavaggo
SN.35.94/(1). Adanta-aguttasuttaṃ
94. Sāvatthinidānaṃ “Chayime bhikkhave, phassāyatanā adantā aguttā arakkhitā asaṃvutā dukkhādhivāhā honti. Katame cha? Cakkhu, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ adantaṃ aguttaṃ arakkhitaṃ asaṃvutaṃ dukkhādhivāhaṃ hoti …pe… jivhā, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ adantaṃ aguttaṃ arakkhitaṃ asaṃvutaṃ dukkhādhivāhaṃ hoti …pe… mano, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ adantaṃ aguttaṃ arakkhitaṃ asaṃvutaṃ dukkhādhivāhaṃ hoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cha phassāyatanā adantā aguttā arakkhitā asaṃvutā dukkhādhivāhā honti”.
“Chayime, bhikkhave, phassāyatanā sudantā suguttā surakkhitā susaṃvutā sukhādhivāhā honti. Katame cha? Cakkhu, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ sudantaṃ suguttaṃ surakkhitaṃ susaṃvutaṃ sukhādhivāhaṃ hoti …pe… jivhā, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ sudantaṃ suguttaṃ surakkhitaṃ susaṃvutaṃ sukhādhivāhaṃ hoti …pe… mano, bhikkhave, phassāyatanaṃ sudantaṃ suguttaṃ surakkhitaṃ susaṃvutaṃ sukhādhivāhaṃ hoti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cha phassāyatanā sudantā suguttā surakkhitā susaṃvutā sukhādhivāhā hontī”ti. Idamavoca bhagavā …pe… etadavoca satthā–
“Saḷeva phassāyatanāni bhikkhavo, asaṃvuto yattha dukkhaṃ nigacchati.
Tesañca ye saṃvaraṇaṃ avedisuṃ, saddhādutiyā viharantānavassutā.
“Disvāna rūpāni manoramāni, athopi disvāna amanoramāni.
Manorame rāgapathaṃ vinodaye, na cāppiyaṃ meti manaṃ padosaye.
“Saddañca sutvā dubhayaṃ piyāppiyaṃ,
Piyamhi sadde na samucchito siyā.
Athoppiye dosagataṃ vinodaye, na cāppiyaṃ meti manaṃ padosaye.
“Gandhañca ghatvā surabhiṃ manoramaṃ, athopi ghatvā asuciṃ akantiyaṃ.
Akantiyasmiṃ paṭighaṃ vinodaye, chandānunīto na ca kantiye siyā.
“Rasañca bhotvāna asāditañca sāduṃ, athopi bhotvāna asādumekadā.
Sāduṃ rasaṃ nājjhosāya bhuñje, virodhamāsādusu nopadaṃsaye.
“Phassena phuṭṭho na sukhena majje, dukkhena phuṭṭhopi na sampavedhe.
Phassadvayaṃ sukhadukkhe upekkhe, anānuruddho aviruddha kenaci.
“Papañcasaññā itarītarā narā, papañcayantā upayanti saññino.
Manomayaṃ gehasitañca sabbaṃ, panujja nekkhammasitaṃ irīyati.
“Evaṃ mano chassu yadā subhāvito, phuṭṭhassa cittaṃ na vikampate kvaci.
Te rāgadose abhibhuyya bhikkhavo, bhavattha jātimaraṇassa pāragā”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.