相应部35相应81经到84经,众多比丘经,世间之问经,颇求那之问经,坏灭法经
81 众多比丘经(第八经)
那时,众多比丘前往世尊所在之处……(中略)……在一旁坐下后,那些比丘对世尊说:
"尊师,在这里,外道游行者们这样问我们:'朋友们,在沙门乔达摩处修行梵行,目的是什么?'尊师,被这样问时,我们对那些外道游行者们这样回答:'朋友们,在世尊处修行梵行,目的是为了遍知苦。'尊师,我们被这样问时这样回答,是否是在说世尊所说过的话,而没有以不实之言诽谤世尊?是否是随法而作解说,而没有任何如法的反论会来到应受责备之处?(意即"任何依据正法而作的推论与问难,都不会使我们的说法落入受责难的地步")"
"比丘们,你们被这样问时这样回答,确实是在说我所说过的话,没有以不实之言诽谤我,是随法而作解说,没有任何如法的反论会来到应受责备之处。因为,比丘们,在我处修行梵行,确实是为了遍知苦。
但是,比丘们,如果外道游行者们这样问你们:'朋友们,那么那个苦是什么?为了遍知它,而在沙门乔达摩处修行梵行?'被这样问时,比丘们,你们应该对那些外道游行者们这样回答:
'朋友们,眼是苦,为了遍知它,而在世尊处修行梵行。色是苦……(中略)……凡以眼触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受——那也是苦。为了遍知它,而在世尊处修行梵行。……(中略)……意是苦……(中略)……凡以意触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受——那也是苦。为了遍知它,而在世尊处修行梵行。朋友们,这就是那个苦,为了遍知它,而在世尊处修行梵行。'
被这样问时,比丘们,你们应该对那些外道游行者们这样回答。"
第八经终。
82 世间之问经(第九经)
那时,某一位比丘前往世尊所在之处……(中略)……在一旁坐下后,那位比丘对世尊说:
"尊师,人们说'世间、世间'。尊师,到什么程度才被称为'世间'呢?"
"比丘,因为它会破坏,所以被称为'世间'。什么会破坏呢?比丘,眼会破坏,色会破坏,眼识会破坏,眼触会破坏,凡以眼触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受——那也会破坏。……(中略)……舌会破坏……(中略)……意会破坏,法会破坏,意识会破坏,意触会破坏,凡以意触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受——那也会破坏。比丘,因为它会破坏,所以被称为'世间'。"
第九经终。
83 颇求那之问经(第十经)
那时,尊者颇求那……(中略)……在一旁坐下后,尊者颇求那对世尊说:
"尊师,是否存在那样的眼,以那个眼能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛呢?……(中略)……尊师,是否存在那样的舌,以那个舌能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛呢?……(中略)……尊师,是否存在那样的意,以那个意能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛呢?"
"颇求那,不存在那样的眼,以那个眼能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛。……(中略)……颇求那,不存在那样的舌,以那个舌能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛。……(中略)……颇求那,不存在那样的意,以那个意能够施设过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断行路、已穷尽轮转、已超越一切苦的诸佛。"
第十经终。
病品第八终。
其摄颂:
病说了两经,罗陀又三经;
无明说了两经,比丘、世间与颇求那。
九、阐那品
84 坏灭法经(第一经)
舍卫城因缘。那时,尊者阿难前往世尊所在之处……(中略)……在一旁坐下后,尊者阿难对世尊说:
"尊师,人们说'世间、世间'。尊师,到什么程度才被称为'世间'呢?"
"阿难,凡是具有坏灭之法的,这在圣者的律法中被称为'世间'。阿难,什么是具有坏灭之法的呢?阿难,眼是具有坏灭之法的,色是具有坏灭之法的,眼识是具有坏灭之法的,眼触是具有坏灭之法的,凡以眼触为缘……(中略)……那也是具有坏灭之法的。……(中略)……舌是具有坏灭之法的,味是具有坏灭之法的,舌识是具有坏灭之法的,舌触是具有坏灭之法的,凡以舌触为缘……(中略)……那也是具有坏灭之法的。……(中略)……意是具有坏灭之法的,法是具有坏灭之法的,意识是具有坏灭之法的,意触是具有坏灭之法的,凡以意触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受——那也是具有坏灭之法的。阿难,凡是具有坏灭之法的,这在圣者的律法中被称为'世间'。"
第一经终。
巴利语原版经文
SN.35.81/(8). Sambahulabhikkhusuttaṃ
81. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – “idha no, bhante, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā amhe evaṃ pucchanti– ‘kimatthiyaṃ, āvuso, samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā mayaṃ, bhante, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākaroma– ‘dukkhassa kho, āvuso, pariññatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’ti. Kacci mayaṃ, bhante, evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākaramānā vuttavādino ceva bhagavato homa, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaroma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchatī”ti?
“Taggha tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākaramānā vuttavādino ceva me hotha, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhatha, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākarotha, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati. Dukkhassa hi, bhikkhave, pariññatthaṃ mayi brahmacariyaṃ vussati. Sace pana vo, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ– ‘katamaṃ pana taṃ, āvuso, dukkhaṃ, yassa pariññāya samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyātha– ‘cakkhu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ, tassa pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati. Rūpā …pe… yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi dukkhaṃ. Tassa pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati …pe… mano dukkho …pe… yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi dukkhaṃ. Tassa pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati. Idaṃ kho taṃ, āvuso, dukkhaṃ, tassa pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyāthā”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
SN.35.82/(9). Lokapañhāsuttaṃ
82. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
“‘Loko, loko’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, lokoti vuccatī”ti? “‘Lujjatī’ti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā lokoti vuccati. Kiñca lujjati? Cakkhu kho, bhikkhu, lujjati. Rūpā lujjanti, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ lujjati, cakkhusamphasso lujjati yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi lujjati …pe… jivhā lujjati …pe… mano lujjati, dhammā lujjanti, manoviññāṇaṃ lujjati, manosamphasso lujjati, yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi lujjati. Lujjatīti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā lokoti vuccatī”ti. Navamaṃ.
SN.35.83/(10). Phaggunapañhāsuttaṃ
83. Atha kho āyasmā phagguno …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā phagguno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
“Atthi nu kho, bhante, taṃ cakkhu, yena cakkhunā atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyya …pe… atthi nu kho, bhante, sā jivhā, yāya jivhāya atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyya …pe… atthi nu kho so, bhante, mano, yena manena atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyyā”ti?
“Natthi kho taṃ, phagguna, cakkhu, yena cakkhunā atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyya …pe… natthi kho sā phagguna, jivhā, yāya jivhāya atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyya …pe… natthi kho so, phagguna, mano, yena manena atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivaṭṭe paññāpayamāno paññāpeyyā”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Gilānavaggo aṭṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Gilānena duve vuttā, rādhena apare tayo;
Avijjāya ca dve vuttā, bhikkhu loko ca phaggunoti.
9. Channavaggo
SN.35.84/(1). Palokadhammasuttaṃ
84. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
“‘Loko, loko’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, lokoti vuccatī”ti? “Yaṃ kho, ānanda, palokadhammaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati ariyassa vinaye loko. Kiñca, ānanda, palokadhammaṃ? Cakkhu kho, ānanda, palokadhammaṃ, rūpā palokadhammā, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ palokadhammaṃ, cakkhusamphasso palokadhammo, yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā …pe… tampi palokadhammaṃ …pe… jivhā palokadhammā, rasā palokadhammā, jivhāviññāṇaṃ palokadhammaṃ, jivhāsamphasso palokadhammo, yampidaṃ jivhāsamphassapaccayā …pe… tampi palokadhammaṃ …pe… mano palokadhammo, dhammā palokadhammā, manoviññāṇaṃ palokadhammaṃ, manosamphasso palokadhammo, yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi palokadhammaṃ. Yaṃ kho, ānanda, palokadhammaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati ariyassa vinaye loko”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.