相应部22相应95经 泡沫譬喻经
一时,世尊住在阿毘陀的恒河岸边。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:
"比丘们,就像恒河中漂来一大团泡沫,有眼睛的人看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,泡沫中能有什么实质呢?同样地,比丘们,任何色法,无论是过去、未来、现在的(中略)远处或近处的,比丘都看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,色法中能有什么实质呢?
比丘们,就像秋天大雨时水上生起又消失的水泡,有眼睛的人看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,水泡中能有什么实质呢?同样地,比丘们,任何受,无论是过去、未来、现在的(中略)远处或近处的,比丘都看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,受中能有什么实质呢?
比丘们,就像炎热夏季最后一个月正午时分的阳焰闪动,有眼睛的人看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的(中略)比丘们,阳焰中能有什么实质呢?同样地,比丘们,任何想(中略)。
比丘们,就像有人想寻找实心木材,为寻找实心木材而四处游走,拿着利斧进入森林,他在那里看见一株高大、笔直、新生、未曾弯曲的芭蕉树。他砍断树根;砍断根后砍断树梢;砍断树梢后,剥开叶鞘。他剥开叶鞘时,连木质部都找不到,更别说实心木材了。有眼睛的人看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,芭蕉树中能有什么实质呢?同样地,比丘们,任何行,无论是过去、未来、现在的(中略)远处或近处的,比丘都看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,诸行中能有什么实质呢?
比丘们,就像魔术师或魔术师的学徒在十字路口表演魔术,有眼睛的人看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,魔术中能有什么实质呢?同样地,比丘们,任何识,无论是过去、未来、现在的(中略)远处或近处的,比丘都看见它,观察它,仔细思维它。当他这样看着它,观察它,仔细思维它时,会发现它是空的、虚的、无实质的。比丘们,识中能有什么实质呢?
比丘们,如是观察的多闻圣弟子于色厌离,于受厌离,于想厌离,于诸行厌离,于识厌离。由厌离而离贪;由离贪而解脱。解脱时生起解脱智(中略)了知:生已尽,梵行已立,所作已办,不受后有。"
世尊说此语已。善逝说此后,导师又说:
"色如聚沫团,受如水上泡,
想如阳焰幻,行如芭蕉树,
识如幻术现,日种如是说。
细心观察时,如理深思维,
皆是虚空性,谛观皆如是。
对于此身体,智者已开示,
舍离三法后,应弃此色身。
寿暖及意识,舍此身体时,
弃之如朽木,无知他所食。
如是相续法,如幻惑愚者,
说为杀戮者,此中无实质。
比丘当如是,精进观五蕴,
昼夜勤修习,正知正念行。
断除诸系缚,为己作归依,
如救头燃着,志求不死道。"
第三经终。
巴利语原版经文
SN.22.95/(3). Pheṇapiṇḍūpamasuttaṃ
95. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ayujjhāyaṃ viharati gaṅgāya nadiyā tīre. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi–
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ gaṅgā nadī mahantaṃ pheṇapiṇḍaṃ āvaheyya. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, pheṇapiṇḍe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ …pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, rūpe sāro?
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, saradasamaye thullaphusitake deve vassante udake udakapubbuḷaṃ uppajjati ceva nirujjhati ca. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, udakapubbuḷe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannā …pe… yā dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, vedanāya sāro?
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gimhānaṃ pacchime māse ṭhite majjhanhike kāle marīcikā phandati. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya …pe… kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, marīcikāya sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yā kāci saññā …pe….
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So tattha passeyya mahantaṃ kadalikkhandhaṃ ujuṃ navaṃ akukkukajātaṃ. Tamenaṃ mūle chindeyya; mūle chetvā agge chindeyya, agge chetvā pattavaṭṭiṃ vinibbhujeyya. So tassa pattavaṭṭiṃ vinibbhujanto pheggumpi nādhigaccheyya, kuto sāraṃ! Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, kadalikkhandhe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci saṅkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannā …pe… ye dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, saṅkhāresu sāro?
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, māyākāro vā māyākārantevāsī vā catumahāpathe māyaṃ vidaṃseyya. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, māyāya sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ …pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe sāro?
“Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti …pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti”.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā–
“Pheṇapiṇḍūpamaṃ rūpaṃ, vedanā bubbuḷūpamā.
Marīcikūpamā saññā, saṅkhārā kadalūpamā.
Māyūpamañca viññāṇaṃ, desitādiccabandhunā.
“Yathā yathā nijjhāyati, yoniso upaparikkhati;
Rittakaṃ tucchakaṃ hoti, yo naṃ passati yoniso.
“Imañca kāyaṃ ārabbha, bhūripaññena desitaṃ;
Pahānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ, rūpaṃ passatha chaḍḍitaṃ.
“Āyu usmā ca viññāṇaṃ, yadā kāyaṃ jahantimaṃ;
Apaviddho tadā seti, parabhattaṃ acetanaṃ.
“Etādisāyaṃ santāno, māyāyaṃ bālalāpinī;
Vadhako esa akkhāto, sāro ettha na vijjati.
“Evaṃ khandhe avekkheyya, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo;
Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, sampajāno paṭissato.
“Jaheyya sabbasaṃyogaṃ, kareyya saraṇattano;
Careyyādittasīsova, patthayaṃ accutaṃ padan”ti. Tatiyaṃ.