增支部4集102经到104经

1：第二云经

"比丘们，有四种云。是哪四种呢？有雷无雨的云，有雨无雷的云，既无雷又无雨的云，既有雷又有雨的云。比丘们，这就是四种云。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种与云相似的人。是哪四种呢？有雷无雨者，有雨无雷者，既无雷又无雨者，既有雷又有雨者。

比丘们，什么是有雷无雨的人呢？在这里，某人学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。但他不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是有雷无雨的人。就像那有雷无雨的云一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是有雨无雷的人呢？在这里，某人不学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。但他如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是有雨无雷的人。就像那有雨无雷的云一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是既无雷又无雨的人呢？在这里，某人既不学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他也不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是既无雷又无雨的人。就像那既无雷又无雨的云一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是既有雷又有雨的人呢？在这里，某人学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。他也如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是既有雷又有雨的人。就像那既有雷又有雨的云一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种与云相似的人。"

2：水瓶经

"比丘们，有四种水瓶。是哪四种呢？空而有盖的，满而无盖的，空而无盖的，满而有盖的。比丘们，这就是四种水瓶。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种与水瓶相似的人。是哪四种呢？空而有盖者，满而无盖者，空而无盖者，满而有盖者。

比丘们，什么是空而有盖的人呢？在这里，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都很庄重。但他不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是空而有盖的人。就像那空而有盖的水瓶一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是满而无盖的人呢？在这里，某人举止不优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都不庄重。但他如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是满而无盖的人。就像那满而无盖的水瓶一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是空而无盖的人呢？在这里，某人举止不优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都不庄重。他也不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是空而无盖的人。就像那空而无盖的水瓶一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是满而有盖的人呢？在这里，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都很庄重。他也如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是满而有盖的人。就像那满而有盖的水瓶一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种与水瓶相似的人。"

3：水池经

"比丘们，有四种水池。是哪四种呢？浅而显深的，深而显浅的，浅而显浅的，深而显深的。比丘们，这就是四种水池。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种与水池相似的人。是哪四种呢？浅而显深者，深而显浅者，浅而显浅者，深而显深者。

比丘们，什么是浅而显深的人呢？在这里，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都很庄重。但他不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是浅而显深的人。就像那浅而显深的水池一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是深而显浅的人呢？在这里，某人举止不优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都不庄重。但他如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是深而显浅的人。就像那深而显浅的水池一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是浅而显浅的人呢？在这里，某人举止不优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都不庄重。他也不如实了知'这是苦'，不如实了知'这是苦集'，不如实了知'这是苦灭'，不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是浅而显浅的人。就像那浅而显浅的水池一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是深而显深的人呢？在这里，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望、屈伸、披袈裟持钵都很庄重。他也如实了知'这是苦'，如实了知'这是苦集'，如实了知'这是苦灭'，如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。比丘们，这就是深而显深的人。就像那深而显深的水池一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种与水池相似的人。"

巴利语原版经文

AN.4.102/ 2. Dutiyavalāhakasuttaṃ

　　 102. “Cattārome bhikkhave, valāhakā. Katame cattāro? Gajjitā no vassitā, vassitā no gajjitā, neva gajjitā no vassitā gajjitā ca vassitā ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro valāhakā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro valāhakūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Gajjitā no vassitā, vassitā no gajjitā, neva gajjitā no vassitā, gajjitā ca vassitā ca.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti, no vassitā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti, no vassitā. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako gajjitā, no vassitā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo vassitā hoti, no gajjitā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ na pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo vassitā hoti, no gajjitā. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako vassitā, no gajjitā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo neva gajjitā hoti, no vassitā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo neva dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti – suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo neva gajjitā hoti, no vassitā. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako neva gajjitā, no vassitā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā ca hoti vassitā ca Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā ca hoti vassitā ca. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako gajjitā ca vassitā ca; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro valāhakūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

AN.4.103/ 3. Kumbhasuttaṃ

　　 103. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, kumbhā. Katame cattāro? Tuccho pihito, pūro vivaṭo, tuccho vivaṭo, pūro pihito– ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro kumbhā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave cattāro kumbhūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Tuccho pihito, pūro vivaṭo, tuccho vivaṭo, pūro pihito.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tuccho hoti pihito? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tuccho hoti pihito Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, kumbho tuccho pihito; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo pūro hoti vivaṭo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo pūro hoti vivaṭo. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, kumbho pūro vivaṭo; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tuccho hoti vivaṭo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tuccho hoti vivaṭo. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, kumbho tuccho vivaṭo; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo pūro hoti pihito? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo pūro hoti pihito. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, kumbho pūro pihito; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro kumbhūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

AN.4.104/ 4. Udakarahadasuttaṃ

　　 104. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, udakarahadā. Katame cattāro? Uttāno gambhīrobhāso, gambhīro uttānobhāso, uttāno uttānobhāso, gambhīro gambhīrobhāso– ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro udakarahadā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro udakarahadūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Uttāno gambhīrobhāso gambhīro uttānobhāso, uttāno uttānobhāso, gambhīro gambhīrobhāso.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo uttāno hoti gambhīrobhāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo uttāno hoti gambhīrobhāso. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, udakarahado uttāno gambhīrobhāso; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo gambhīro hoti uttānobhāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gambhīro hoti uttānobhāso. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, udakarahado gambhīro uttānobhāso; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo uttāno hoti uttānobhāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo uttāno hoti uttānobhāso. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, udakarahado uttāno uttānobhāso; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gambhīro hoti gambhīrobhāso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gambhīro hoti gambhīrobhāso. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, udakarahado gambhīro gambhīrobhāso; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho bhikkhave, cattāro udakarahadūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Catutthaṃ.