增支部4集52经到54经

52 第二功德流经

"比丘们，有四种功德之流、善业之流，能带来快乐的食粮，导向天界，带来快乐的果报，引向天界，能带来可爱、可意、可悦、有益、安乐的结果。是哪四种呢？

在此，比丘们，圣弟子对佛具足不动之信，想着:'世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'这是第一种功德之流、善业之流，能带来快乐的食粮，导向天界，带来快乐的果报，引向天界，能带来可爱、可意、可悦、有益、安乐的结果。

再者，比丘们，圣弟子对法具足不动之信，想着:'法由世尊善说，现见可证，无时相关，来见即是，向上引导，智者自知。'这是第二种功德之流...

再者，比丘们，圣弟子对僧具足不动之信，想着:'世尊的声闻僧众善行道，正直行道，如理行道，正当行道，即是四双八辈，这世尊的声闻僧众值得供养、值得供奉、值得布施、值得合掌，是世间无上福田。'这是第三种功德之流...

再者，比丘们，圣弟子具足圣者所爱戒，即无缺、无破、无污、无杂、自在、智者称赞、无执取、导向定。这是第四种功德之流..."

偈颂

"若人对如来，具足不动信；

其戒德清净，圣者所称赞。

于僧起净信，见解正直者；

说彼非贫困，其命不虚度。

是故具信戒，净信见正法；

智者当精进，忆持佛教法。"

53 第一婚姻生活经

有一次，世尊在摩偷罗与毗兰若之间的大道上行走。许多居士和居士妻也在摩偷罗与毗兰若之间的大道上行走。这时，世尊离开大道，在一棵树下坐下。那些居士和居士妻看见世尊坐在树下，便走近世尊。走近后，向世尊礼敬，然后坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的居士和居士妻们说：

"居士们，有四种婚姻生活。是哪四种？卑贱者与卑贱者同住，卑贱者与天女同住，天人与卑贱者同住，天人与天女同住。

怎样是卑贱者与卑贱者同住？在此，居士们，丈夫是杀生者、偷盗者、邪淫者、妄语者、饮酒者，破戒、恶法，心被悭吝垢染所覆，辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；他的妻子也是杀生者、偷盗者、邪淫者、妄语者、饮酒者，破戒、恶法，心被悭吝垢染所覆，辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是卑贱者与卑贱者同住。

怎样是卑贱者与天女同住？在此，居士们，丈夫是杀生者...辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；但他的妻子远离杀生、远离偷盗、远离邪淫、远离妄语、远离饮酒，持戒、善法，心离悭吝垢染，不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是卑贱者与天女同住。

怎样是天人与卑贱者同住？在此，居士们，丈夫远离杀生、远离偷盗、远离邪淫、远离妄语、远离饮酒，持戒、善法，心离悭吝垢染，不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；但他的妻子是杀生者...辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是天人与卑贱者同住。

怎样是天人与天女同住？在此，居士们，丈夫远离杀生...不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；他的妻子也远离杀生...不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是天人与天女同住。这就是四种婚姻生活。"

偈颂：

"二俱破戒者，悭吝好诽谤，

夫妻同卑贱，共度下贱生。

丈夫破戒行，悭吝好诽谤，

妻持戒布施，离垢不悭吝，

此天女同住，卑贱夫君边。

丈夫持戒善，布施离悭垢，

妻破戒悭吝，好行诽谤语，

此卑贱女人，同住天夫边。

二俱具信施，调御依法住，

互敬互爱语，夫妻善相处。

利益常增长，安乐由此生，

怨敌皆忧恼，二人戒行同。

此世行正法，戒行皆相等，

天界同欢喜，如意受诸乐。"

54 第二婚姻生活经

"比丘们，有四种婚姻生活。是哪四种？卑贱者与卑贱者同住，卑贱者与天女同住，天人与卑贱者同住，天人与天女同住。

怎样是卑贱者与卑贱者同住？在此，比丘们，丈夫是杀生者、偷盗者、邪淫者、妄语者、两舌者、恶口者、绮语者，贪婪、瞋恚心、邪见，破戒、恶法，心被悭吝垢染所覆，辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；他的妻子也是杀生者、偷盗者、邪淫者、妄语者、两舌者、恶口者、绮语者，贪婪、瞋恚心、邪见，破戒、恶法，心被悭吝垢染所覆，辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是卑贱者与卑贱者同住。

怎样是卑贱者与天女同住？在此，比丘们，丈夫是杀生者...辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；但他的妻子远离杀生、远离偷盗、远离邪淫、远离妄语、远离两舌、远离恶口、远离绮语，不贪婪、无瞋恚心、正见，持戒、善法，心离悭吝垢染，不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是卑贱者与天女同住。

怎样是天人与卑贱者同住？在此，比丘们，丈夫远离杀生...不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；但他的妻子是杀生者...辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是天人与卑贱者同住。

怎样是天人与天女同住？在此，比丘们，丈夫远离杀生...正见，持戒、善法，心离悭吝垢染，不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门；他的妻子也远离杀生...正见，持戒、善法，心离悭吝垢染，不辱骂诽谤沙门婆罗门。这就是天人与天女同住。这就是四种婚姻生活。"

偈颂：

"二俱破戒者，悭吝好诽谤，

夫妻同卑贱，共度下贱生。

丈夫破戒行，悭吝好诽谤，

妻持戒布施，离垢不悭吝，

此天女同住，卑贱夫君边。

丈夫持戒善，布施离悭垢，

妻破戒悭吝，好行诽谤语，

此卑贱女人，同住天夫边。

二俱具信施，调御依法住，

互敬互爱语，夫妻善相处。

利益常增长，安乐由此生，

怨敌皆忧恼，二人戒行同。

此世行正法，戒行皆相等，

天界同欢喜，如意受诸乐。"

巴利语原版经文

52/ 2. Dutiyapuññābhisandasuttaṃ

　　 52. “Cattārome bhikkhave, puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho puññābhisando kusalābhisando sukhassāhāro sovaggiko sukhavipāko saggasaṃvattaniko iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattati Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puññābhisandā kusalābhisandā sukhassāhārā sovaggikā sukhavipākā saggasaṃvattanikā iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī”ti.

　　“Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā;

　　Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ.

　　“Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ;

　　Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.

　　“Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ;

　　Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, saraṃ buddhāna sāsanan”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

53/ 3. Paṭhamasaṃvāsasuttaṃ

　　 53. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā antarā ca madhuraṃ antarā ca verañjaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti. Sambahulāpi kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca antarā ca madhuraṃ antarā ca verañjaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti. Atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Addasaṃsu kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca bhagavantaṃ aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisinnaṃ. Disvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Cattārome, gahapatayo, saṃvāsā. Katame cattāro? Chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, gahapatayo, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātinī adinnādāyinī kāmesumicchācārinī musāvādinī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyinī dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca gahapatayo, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, gahapatayo, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato musāvādā paṭivirato surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātinī …pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyinī dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, gahapatayo, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, gahapatayo, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato …pe… sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā …pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, gahapatayo, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Ime kho, gahapatayo, cattāro saṃvāsā”ti.

　　“Ubho ca honti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsakā;

　　Te honti jānipatayo, chavā saṃvāsamāgatā.

　　“Sāmiko hoti dussīlo, kadariyo paribhāsako;

　　Bhariyā sīlavatī hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharā.

　　Sāpi devī saṃvasati, chavena patinā saha.

　　“Sāmiko sīlavā hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharo;

　　Bhariyā hoti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsikā.

　　Sāpi chavā saṃvasati, devena patinā saha.

　　“Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;

　　Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.

　　“Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;

　　Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.

　　“Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;

　　Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

54/ 4. Dutiyasaṃvāsasuttaṃ

　　 54. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, saṃvāsā. Katame cattāro? Chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhiko dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātinī adinnādāyinī kāmesumicchācārinī musāvādinī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpinī abhijjhālunī byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhikā dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, chavo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātī …pe… micchādiṭṭhiko dussīlo pāpadhammo maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālunī abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhikā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, chavo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato adinnādānā paṭivirato kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato musāvādā paṭivirato pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato samphappalāpā paṭivirato anabhijjhālu abyāpannacitto sammādiṭṭhiko sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyā khvassa hoti pāṇātipātinī …pe… micchādiṭṭhikā dussīlā pāpadhammā maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati akkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, devo chavāya saddhiṃ saṃvasati.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati? Idha, bhikkhave, sāmiko hoti pāṇātipātā paṭivirato …pe… sammādiṭṭhiko sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosakaparibhāsako samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ; bhariyāpissa hoti pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā …pe… sammādiṭṭhikā sīlavatī kalyāṇadhammā vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati anakkosikaparibhāsikā samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, devo deviyā saddhiṃ saṃvasati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro saṃvāsā”ti.

　　“Ubho ca honti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsakā;

　　Te honti jānipatayo, chavā saṃvāsamāgatā.

　　“Sāmiko hoti dussīlo, kadariyo paribhāsako;

　　Bhariyā sīlavatī hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharā.

　　Sāpi devī saṃvasati, chavena patinā saha.

　　“Sāmiko sīlavā hoti, vadaññū vītamaccharo;

　　Bhariyā hoti dussīlā, kadariyā paribhāsikā.

　　Sāpi chavā saṃvasati, devena patinā saha.

　　“Ubho saddhā vadaññū ca, saññatā dhammajīvino;

　　Te honti jānipatayo, aññamaññaṃ piyaṃvadā.

　　“Atthāsaṃ pacurā honti, phāsukaṃ upajāyati;

　　Amittā dummanā honti, ubhinnaṃ samasīlinaṃ.

　　“Idha dhammaṃ caritvāna, samasīlabbatā ubho;

　　Nandino devalokasmiṃ, modanti kāmakāmino”ti. Catutthaṃ.